Need help?
Learn how to sign documents for free here
For queries or feedback, write to us at support@zohosign.com
Common levels of electronic signatures
Simple electronic signatures (SES)
Simple electronic signatures, SES for short, are the go-to e-signatures for low-risk transactions. Since these types of transactions don't require a high level of authentication, using SES makes for a quick and efficient process. Signers generally verify their identity using an SMS or email one-time password (OTP) before providing consent to signing digitally.
Advanced electronic signatures (AES)
The advanced electronic signature, or AES, is a step up from the previous level in terms of reliability and security. It formally identifies signers using the public key infrastructure-based (PKI) digital signature technology. An AES is typically compliant with electronic signature laws across the globe and usually has the following requirements:
- The signature must be uniquely linked to the signer, allowing identification of the signer.
- The signer must have sole control over the means of creating the signature- either credentials, or the signature creation data or device
- The signature must indicate if the data was tampered with after the signature was applied.
Qualified electronic signatures (QES)
Qualified electronic signatures, or QES, are a more stringent form of AES that require the signer to undergo face-to-face identity verification, know your customer (KYC) processes, and other background check procedures before a qualified digital certificate is issued by a qualified trust service provider (QTSP), ensuring the highest level of security and assurance of all electronic signature levels. Under the eIDAS (EU 910/2014) regulation in the European Union (EU), it is stated that a QES is considered equivalent to a wet signature with inherent non-repudiation. Derivative forms of QES are also commonly required by other countries outside the EU, where it's referred to as a regulated electronic signature.
Advanced electronic signatures (AES)
A secure step up from simple electronic signatures
Simple electronic signatures hold the same legal value as wet signatures in some countries. However, other countries require an additional layer of security as proof of the electronic signature's validity. This can be resolved by using advanced electronic signatures, which require additional authentication using verified, government-issued identification.
A closer look at AES
Features
Authentication
The signing process requires authentication with government-issued identification.
Digital signature certificate
A certificate links the signatory with the electronic signature. This involves a private and public key pair built on the public key infrastructure technology, which is a form of asymmetric digital cryptography used to encrypt and decrypt documents and data
Trust service providers
Digital signature platforms like Zoho Sign integrate with providers like TrustFactory, TendaWorld, Evrotrust to provide AES around the world.
Benefits
Global legality
AES is legally compliant with most electronic signature laws across the globe, offering confidence in higher-level transactions.
Clear signer identity
The signing process involves formally identifying signers with their government-issued documents, thus clearly establishing the signer identity in the signature and document audit trails.
Secure and tamper-proof
Digital signature certificates serve as seals to the signed documents, making them tamper-proof, indicating any changes, and becoming invalid if tampered with.
Productivity
Replacing pen-and-paper signing with online digital signature platforms that support AES (like Zoho Sign) increases productivity and reduces disorganized workflows with automated hierarchical signature collection.
Use cases
Sales
- Non-disclosure agreements
- Sales agreements
Finance
- Bank contracts
- Financial transactions
Real estate
- Property contracts
- Lease agreements
HR
- Onboarding documents
- Company policies
Legality
AES is a requisite for compliance with the electronic signature laws of certain countries. The Electronic Communications and Transactions Act 25 (ECT Act) of 2002 in South Africa and the Kenya Information and Communications Act (KICA) of 1998 in Kenya are just a couple of examples.
For a comprehensive list of e-signature laws involving advanced electronic signatures, please refer to our legality guide.
Disclaimer
The information provided in this document is for general informational purposes only and shall not be construed as legal, regulatory, or any other form of professional advice. Zoho Sign disclaims any liability for any error in the information provided herein. We recommend that you consult your legal counsel for any questions that you may have in this regard.
FAQs
What is an electronic signature?
"Electronic signature" is a broad term that is used to describe any kind of signature that is a digital substitute for a traditional signature. Learn more about electronic signatures.
Are digital signatures and electronic signatures the same?
No, while the terms are used interchangeably, there are some very important differences between digital signatures and electronic signatures. "Electronic signature" is an umbrella term, and "digital signature" is a term that falls under this umbrella. E-signatures have to fulfill additional requirements to qualify as digital signatures, which are typically more secure and come with a digital signature certificate.
Are electronic signatures legally valid?
Yes, but their legality varies from country to country. Look at our legality guide to better understand your country's e-signature laws.
Is Zoho Sign an electronic signature platform?
Yes, Zoho Sign is an e-signature platform that allows you to securely sign documents digitally.
What levels of electronic signature does Zoho Sign provide?
Zoho Sign provides standard electronic signatures (SES), advanced electronic signatures (AES), and qualified electronic signatures (QES), allowing you to authenticate signers before they sign documents and ensuring that documents aren't altered or tampered with in the process. Read more about the levels of electronic signature that Zoho Sign provides here.